Taking advantage of significant technological advances, wood is making a strong comeback in the building. Twelve times more insulating than concrete, it is at the origin of architectures both varied, adap Practical advice. The renewed interest in wood construction reflects a legitimate desire to live in a healthier, warmer home. Thanks to progress in sawing and gluing, the reach of wood is no longer limited to the size of its trunk alone. Thus, instead of conventional posts and beams assembled by tenons and mortises, a light frame made of coniferous resin, then nailed and fixed with metal connectors ensures a better rigidity. Insulating and decorative bracing panels then hide this “skeleton”.
Wood frame: freedom of forms
The wood allows to build a habitat whose thin walls provide a huge saving of space without compromising comfort. The range of shapes and volumes gives me the freedom to create mezzanines, open large windows bringing light and fluidity to every room in the house. To this freedom of concepts is added its lightness, its evolutionary character and its speed of implementation. For example, for the same load, a beam of 3 m span weighs 60 kg of softwood, 80 kg of steel and 300 kg of reinforced concrete. Light, the wooden house adapts to the different provisions and nature of land. Easily removable, the “walls” can be moved to create new parts. The wood does not require binder, the sites are fast and without nuisance. Depending on the size of the dwelling, it takes a week to build it, plus about three months for the foundations and finishes.
Live warm in a wooden house
When the wood is used in solid logs, its natural properties ensure, in both summer and winter, excellent thermal and hygrometric regulation. A 12 cm thick wall is equivalent to a solid brick wall of 50 cm, or 140 cm of solid concrete. As a framework, the wood remains an excellent insulator, as evidenced by its coefficient of thermal conductivity: from 0.12 to 0.28 (depending on the species), against 1.15 for glass and 0.70 for plaster . Remember that the lower the number, the better the insulation. For example, at equal volumes, a wood-frame house consumes up to three times less energy for its heating than an uninsulated masonry house.
Wood and nails for the frame
The system consists of a skeleton of wood (northern pine) that is dressed with plywood, rock wool (or glass), a rain screen and plasterboard. When the house has one or more floors, it is called platform skeleton. At each level, a joist is placed on the top of the walls which is covered with a floor on which will be placed the walls of the next floor. The assemblies are made with stainless steel connectors and corrugated nails. Wall cladding is done with mineral wool panels, gypsum plasterboard, rain shield rolls, siding boards and paneling. In frontage, a cladding forms a decorative facing and reinforces the thermal insulation. The construction site followed] concerns the construction, near Orleans, of a house of 170 m2 with habitable attic space. The cost of a frame house “open walls” is between 686 and 914 € per m2. Note the existence of walls ready for use, so-called “closed” because incorporating insulation, plywood, plasterboard … Prémontés, these panels require transport and lifting means consequent.
Floor foundations
The construction is carried out on a foundation in walls of blocks and slab of concrete which maintains a crawlspace. Depending on the region of implantation, it will be necessary to provide antitermite treatment by laying a polyethylene film creating an impassable barrier. A wooden floor is fixed on a low rail sealed on the walls with anchor bolts. This sole is made of edge joists that are made to rest on a bitumen felt to isolate it from moisture. The floor joists rest on it and are evenly spaced. Their spacing is stiffened by spacers or braces cross nailed. The joists do not cover the entire width of the house, are based on intermediate sheds walls. Before nailing the floor panels, semi-rigid insulation boards are inserted between the joists.
The assembly of the walls
Key part of the frame, the walls are formed of a low sand pit and a high sandpit connected by uprights. These elements define spaces called “open” to fill and hide with various elements (insulation, drywall …).They are mounted on the floor using galvanized or stainless steel tips. Windows and doors take place in rectangular frames. The loads of the upper floor are taken up by lintels formed of two joists nailed on a sole. In the case of high load descents
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